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It is well established that a number of intracellular
2020-06-04
It is well established that a number of intracellular signaling pathways mediate sensitization of sensory neurons (Gold and Gebhart, 2010, Richardson and Vasko, 2002). This redundancy could be advantageous since it provides diversity in initiating and maintaining hypersensitivity in response to inju
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br Introduction Epithelial mesenchymal transition
2020-06-04
Introduction Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process by which epithelial pka kinase lose cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion, and gain mesenchymal features with an increase of migratory and invasive properties [1]. EMT is essential for mesoderm formation during embryo de
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An important role for the precursor molecule of the
2020-06-04
An important role for the precursor molecule of the main EBI2 ligand, 25-OHC, in the inhibition of inflammation was recently shown. 25-OHC was demonstrated to inhibit inflammasome induction in mouse macrophages [28]. Inflammasome assemblies are the sites of caspase 1 activation and lead to the gener
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p as a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor
2020-06-04
p21, as a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, exert significant negative regulator of proliferation, and it could be transcriptional upregulated by p53 in order to impel transient Amoxapine arrest (Romanov et al., 2010). Using western blotting, we found that the protein expression of p21 upgrades fi
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Another example of negative regulation
2020-06-04
Another example of negative regulation is the inhibition of the yeast endosome-associated DUB Doa4 by Rfu1 (free ubiquitin chains 1). In a yeast genetics screen, deletion of Rfu1 was serendipitously found to alter global ubiquitin levels [69]. DUBs can regulate these levels by liberating conjugated
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The kinase activity of DNA
2020-06-04
The kinase activity of DNA-PKcs is essential for NHEJ, but the exact role of the enzymatic activity of DNA-PKcs plays in NHEJ is not fully understood [57]. In vitro, DNA-PKcs can phosphorylate each of the canonical NHEJ factors including Ku70/80 [58], [59], XRCC4 [60], [61], blt2 IV [62], and XLF [
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The other interesting observation made
2020-06-04
The other interesting observation made during this study relates to the differences between the discrete IR-induced γH2AX foci and the robust H2AX phosphorylation observed during apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The pattern of H2AX phosphorylation observed during DNA fragmentation possibly reflects the
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Leflunomide Both meiotic COs and NCOs
2020-06-04
Both meiotic COs and NCOs require DNA synthesis, current data from sequencing also suggest that COs require more DNA synthesis than NCO 63., 64., 65.. However, analysis of the role of DNA synthesis in NCOs remains relatively uncharacterized. Emerging evidence points to a role for either Polδ or Polε
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br Expression of DNMTs during testicular development In most
2020-06-04
Expression of DNMTs during testicular development In most multicellular organisms, male and female germ cells are the origin of development of an organism, and they provide inheritance of genetic and epigenetic information across the generations. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) derive from a subset
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br Conclusion Our objective is to promote cell
2020-06-04
Conclusion Our objective is to promote cell activity on biomaterials, especially for use in regenerative medicine, by grafting THPs containing collagen-binding sites onto inert substrates. We have previously reported a methodology to derivatize EDC/NHS crosslinked films with photoreactive THPs. T
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It is well established that
2020-06-04
It is well established that Shp-2 can function as a substrate for several RTK, such as PDGF or EGFR [23], [36]. To test whether DDR1 recognizes Shp-2 as its substrate, we overexpressed a catalytically inactive Shp-2 mutant together with DDR1b in 293 cells [31]. Immunoprecipitation of Shp-2 followed
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Based on the ability of CRF to modulate
2020-06-04
Based on the ability of CRF to modulate nociception, we hypothesized that stress leads to hyperalgesia by the activation of CRF1 and/or CRF2 receptors in the spinal cord. We tested this hypothesis using an acute forced swim as a widely used and easily reproducible stressor and grip force as a measur
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br Materials and methods br
2020-06-03
Materials and methods Results Discussion Recently, circRNAs have been found to play important diagnostic or prognostic roles in different tumors. For example, aberrant expression levels of different circRNAs are found in ovarian cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, gastric cancer and particip
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br Endothelial mechanotransduction br Apoptosis br Death ass
2020-06-03
Endothelial mechanotransduction Apoptosis Death associated protein kinase Conclusion DAPK is localized to the k145 network, and promotes actomyosin contractility. DAPK stabilizes stress fibers by phosphorylation of MLC (Bialik et al., 2004, Kuo et al., 2003). In endothelial cells DAPK p
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P H is a nonheme iron II dioxygenase
2020-06-03
P4H is a nonheme iron(II) dioxygenase that uses O2 and α-ketoglutarate as co-substrates (Fig. 1A). The three-dimensional structure of mammalian P4H is unknown. We reasoned that an electrophilic analog of α-ketoglutarate could serve as an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme and, hence, a useful prob
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